Definition and Examples of Regionalisms in English

Definition and Examples of Regionalisms in English Regionalism is aâ linguistic term for a word, articulation, or elocution supported by speakers in a specific geographic territory. Numerous regionalisms [in the U.S.] are relics, notes R.W. Burchfield: words brought over from Europe, mostly the British Isles, and safeguarded in some region either in view of the duration of more seasoned lifestyles in these territories, or in light of the fact that a specific sort of Englishâ was early settled and has not been completely overlaid or subverted (Studies in Lexicography, 1987). By and by, tongue articulations and regionalisms regularly cover, however the terms are not indistinguishable. Dialectsâ tend to be related with gatherings of individuals whileâ regionalisms areâ associated with geology. Various regionalisms can be found inside a specific lingo. The biggest and most definitive assortment of regionalisms in American English is the six-volume Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), distributed somewhere in the range of 1985 and 2013. The advanced release of DARE was propelled in 2013.â Historical background From the Latin, to ruleExamples and Observations The accompanying definitions were adjusted from the Dictionary of American Regional English.flannel cakeâ (n) A pancake. (Usage: Appalachians)flea in ones earâ (n) A clue, cautioning, disturbing revelation; a rebuke. (Usage: primarily the Northeast)mulligrubsâ (n) A state of wretchedness or bad mood; an obscure or fanciful unwellness. (Usage: dispersed, however particularly the South)nebbyâ (adj) Snoopy, inquisitive. (Usage: predominantly Pennsylvania)pungleâ (v) To dish out; to plunk down (cash); to pay up. (Usage: mostly West)say-soâ (n) A frozen yogurt cone. (Usage: scattered)(Celeste Headlee, Regional Dictionary Tracks The Funny Things We Say. End of the week Edition on National Public Radio, June 14, 2009) Pop versus Pop In the [American] South it’s called Coke, in any event, when it’s Pepsi. Numerous in Boston state tonic. A not very many even request a bubbly beverage. Be that as it may, the discussion between those soda equivalent words is an etymological undercard in the nation’s carbonated war of words. The genuine fight: pop versus pop. (J. Straziuso, Pop versus Soft drink Debate. Related Press, September 12, 2001) Freeway In Delaware, a freeway alludes to any parkway, however in Florida, an expressway is an expressway. (T. Boyle, The Gremlins of Grammar. McGraw-Hill, 2007) Sack and Poke Sack and jab were both initially territorial terms for pack. Sack has since become a Standard expression like pack, yet jab stays territorial, fundamentally in South Midland Regional lingo. (Kenneth Wilson, The Columbia Guide to Standard American English, 1993) Regionalism in England What some call a move, others call a bun, or a cob, or a bap, or a bannock, while in different zones [of England] more than one of these words is utilized with various implications for each.(Peter Trudgill, The Dialects of England. Wiley, 1999)How do you make your tea? On the off chance that you originate from Yorkshire you presumably ‘mash’ it, however individuals dressed in Cornwall are bound to ‘steep’ it or ‘soak’ it and southerners regularly ‘wet’ their tea.(Leeds Reporter, March 1998) Word reference of American Regional English (DARE) As boss supervisor of the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), a huge exertion to gather and record nearby contrasts in American English, I go through my days investigating the incalculable instances of provincial words and expressions and attempting to follow their starting points. Propelled in 1965 at the University of Wisconsinâ€Madison, the undertaking depends on a large number of meetings, papers, government records, books, letters, and journals. . . .[E]ven as we close to the end goal, I experience a typical misperception: individuals assume that American English has gotten homogenized, making the word reference an index of contrasts since a long time ago straightened out by media, business, and populace shifts. There’s a trace of validity to that. Certain territorial terms have been debilitated by business impacts, as Subway’s sub sandwich, which is by all accounts snacking ceaselessly at saint, hoagie, and processor. It’s additionally eviden t that outsiders will in general converse with one another in a to some degree homogeneous jargon, and that more Americans are moving ceaselessly from their phonetic homes as they migrate for school, work, or love.But DARE’s research shows that American English is as shifted as could be. The language is enhanced by movement, obviously, yet additionally people’s artistic freedom and the versatile idea of neighborhood lingos. We have many approaches to allude to a remote spot, for example, including the boonies, the sticks, the tules, the puckerbrush, and the willywags. The notorious town imbecile, in such a spot, may even now be portrayed as unfit to convey guts to an endure or spill piss out of a boot. On the off chance that his condition is brief, a Southerner may call him swimmy-headed, which means lightheaded. What's more, if his house is filthy, a Northeasterner may call it skeevy, an adjustment of schifare, the Italian action word to disgust.As these models recomm end, the regionalisms that persevere are regularly not those we gain from books or instructors or papers; they are the words we use with loved ones, the expressions we’ve known perpetually and never addressed until somebody from away commented on them. (Joan Houston Hall, How to Speak American. Newsweek, August 9, 2010) Regionalisms in the American South Jargon is . . . strikingly extraordinary in different pieces of the South. No place yet in the Deep South is the Indian-inferred bobbasheely, which William Faulkner utilized in The Reivers, utilized for an exceptionally dear companion, and just in Northern Maryland does manniporchia (from the Latin insanity a potu, madness from drink) [mean] the D.T.s (incoherence tremens). Little tomatoes would be called tommytoes in the mountains (tommy-toes in East Texas, plate of mixed greens tomatoes in the fields zone, and cherry tomatoes along the coast). Contingent upon where you are in the South, a huge patio can be a veranda, piazza, or exhibition; a burlap pack can be a tow sack, crocus sack, or grass sack; flapjacks can be flittercakes, misuses, corncakes, or battercakes; a harmonica can be a mouth organ or french harp; a storeroom can be a storage room or a storage; and a wishbone can be a wishbone or pulley bone. There are many equivalent words for a stick peach (green peach, pickle pea ch, and so forth.), igniting wood (lightning wood, lit bunches) and a provincial occupant (snuff chewer, kicker, yahoo). (Robert Hendrickson, The Facts on File Dictionary of American Regionalisms. Realities on File, 2000) Elocution: REE-juh-na-LIZ-um